Carbon Management
Geo-Logic Associates integrates engineering, geoscience, regulatory, and environmental expertise to advance carbon capture, utilization, and storage (CCUS) and carbon capture and storage (CCS) projects.
Geo-Logic Associates helps clients move CCS projects from concept to operation.
We bring a multidisciplinary carbon capture and storage (CCS) team to support carbon storage projects across the full lifecycle, from early subsurface evaluation and permitting through injection and ongoing operations.
Our team has direct experience supporting operational projects, providing practical insight into how Class VI requirements are implemented in operational CCS projects. CCS expert Dr. Gregory Schnaar, a member of the original Class VI rulemaking team at the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), brings a unique regulatory perspective to our work. GLA has also contributed to key U.S. EPA Class VI technical guidance, uniquely positioning our team to navigate complex permitting and compliance requirements with both technical depth and regulatory insight.
Market Leader
7
EPA regions GLA staff supported
2
Approved MRV Plans
6
Primacy states GLA staff supported
2
Operational CO2 Injection Projects
Services
Regulatory Support and Field Monitoring Services
Geo-Logic Associates supports carbon storage projects through site evaluation, permitting, engineering analysis, monitoring, and regulatory compliance. Our multidisciplinary team helps clients navigate technical challenges, reduce project risk, and meet evolving federal and state requirements throughout the project lifecycle.
- Injection project siting and Class VI project feasibility
- Subsurface analysis and modeling (geologic, geochemical, reservoir simulation using CMG GEM)
- Risk assessment and corrective action review
- Permitting and regulatory compliance, including U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Class VI permitting, Monitoring, Reporting, and Verification (MRV) Plan development, and California Air Resources Board (CARB) Low Carbon Fuel Standard (LCFS) Site Certification for carbon credits
- Planning and execution of stratigraphic test wells, project monitoring wells, and Class VI injection wells
- Monitoring program design and implementation, including soil gas, groundwater, atmospheric, and seismic monitoring
- Data management and reporting
- Third-party and technical assurance review
- State primacy package development, implementation, and staff training
Regulatory Compliance Support
Geo-Logic Associates helped shape the technical and regulatory foundation of today’s Class VI permitting framework. Our experts have supported EPA guidance development and assisted clients with Class VI permitting efforts across multiple EPA regions and primacy states.
Click here to view a summary to view a summary of California Air Resources Board (CARB) Low Carbon Fuel Standard (LCFS) requirements for “Sequestration Site Certification” compared to analogous requirements under the U.S. EPA Underground Injection Control (UIC) Class VI program.
Subsurface Analysis and Modeling
Using a wide variety of subsurface data including well log data, two- and three-dimensional seismic, historical injection and production data, historical pressure and fluid measurements, regional geologic studies, and knowledge of depositional environments, modeling specialists can analyze site conditions and perform simple or detailed reservoir characterizations to support feasibility studies and permit applications. GLA modelers are adept at geologic, geochemical, reservoir (e.g., CMG GEM), and leakage modeling assessments. We have developed risk-based Area of Review (AoR) delineation modeling methods approved by state Underground Injection Control (UIC) regulators.
Monitoring and Reporting
Geo-Logic Associates develops and implements field monitoring programs for CCS projects, providing operators, regulators, and stakeholders with reliable data to verify safe operations and protection of groundwater resources. Monitoring programs are designed to fit the needs of the project and are optimized to use the most appropriate technologies that meet federal and state regulatory requirements. Geo-Logic Associates has developed and implemented monitoring programs for operating CCS projects, including baseline and operational soil gas, atmospheric, groundwater, vegetation, above-confining-zone, and injection-zone monitoring.
GLA has performed monitoring and reporting for the following at operational CCS projects:
- Baseline soil gas
- Atmospheric (eddy covariance towers)
- Groundwater
- Vegetation above confining zone
- Injection zone monitoring
Class VI Primacy Solutions
Geo-Logic Associates helps states develop and implement Class VI permitting programs tailored to their regulatory, operational, and political environments. Our team supports agencies through application development, EPA review, program implementation, and long-term capacity building.
Beyond the primacy application, GLA can educate and equip agencies with the tools, knowledge, and internal capacity to effectively implement, administer, and enforce the Class VI program after primacy is granted. GLA offers technical expertise in:
- Regulatory analysis of new/existing UIC programs
- Class VI technical plan integration
- Regulatory crosswalk development
- Enforcement crosswalk analysis and development
- Drafting state specific rules (statutes and regulations)
- Draft rule documentation and stringency justification
- Advising and drafting of program description and all additional application sections
- Memorandums of agreement
- Governor’s letter
- Letters of support
- Attorney general’s statement
- Stakeholder engagement services
- Drafting of formal EPA memos, and materials for public notice, comment, and hearings
- Public process support and technical responses to comments, public inquiries, and EPA feedback during the process
- Project management and reporting
- Capacity building and knowledge transfer to state staff/program enforcement authority
- Tracking of all US primacy activity
Regulatory Support and Field Monitoring Services
Geo-Logic Associates supports carbon storage projects through site evaluation, permitting, engineering analysis, monitoring, and regulatory compliance. Our multidisciplinary team helps clients navigate technical challenges, reduce project risk, and meet evolving federal and state requirements throughout the project lifecycle.
- Injection project siting and Class VI project feasibility
- Subsurface analysis and modeling (geologic, geochemical, reservoir simulation using CMG GEM)
- Risk assessment and corrective action review
- Permitting and regulatory compliance, including U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Class VI permitting, Monitoring, Reporting, and Verification (MRV) Plan development, and California Air Resources Board (CARB) Low Carbon Fuel Standard (LCFS) Site Certification for carbon credits
- Planning and execution of stratigraphic test wells, project monitoring wells, and Class VI injection wells
- Monitoring program design and implementation, including soil gas, groundwater, atmospheric, and seismic monitoring
- Data management and reporting
- Third-party and technical assurance review
- State primacy package development, implementation, and staff training
Regulatory Compliance Support
Geo-Logic Associates helped shape the technical and regulatory foundation of today’s Class VI permitting framework. Our experts have supported EPA guidance development and assisted clients with Class VI permitting efforts across multiple EPA regions and primacy states.
Click here to view a summary to view a summary of California Air Resources Board (CARB) Low Carbon Fuel Standard (LCFS) requirements for “Sequestration Site Certification” compared to analogous requirements under the U.S. EPA Underground Injection Control (UIC) Class VI program.
Subsurface Analysis and Modeling
Using a wide variety of subsurface data including well log data, two- and three-dimensional seismic, historical injection and production data, historical pressure and fluid measurements, regional geologic studies, and knowledge of depositional environments, modeling specialists can analyze site conditions and perform simple or detailed reservoir characterizations to support feasibility studies and permit applications. GLA modelers are adept at geologic, geochemical, reservoir (e.g., CMG GEM), and leakage modeling assessments. We have developed risk-based Area of Review (AoR) delineation modeling methods approved by state Underground Injection Control (UIC) regulators.
Monitoring and Reporting
Geo-Logic Associates develops and implements field monitoring programs for CCS projects, providing operators, regulators, and stakeholders with reliable data to verify safe operations and protection of groundwater resources. Monitoring programs are designed to fit the needs of the project and are optimized to use the most appropriate technologies that meet federal and state regulatory requirements. Geo-Logic Associates has developed and implemented monitoring programs for operating CCS projects, including baseline and operational soil gas, atmospheric, groundwater, vegetation, above-confining-zone, and injection-zone monitoring.
GLA has performed monitoring and reporting for the following at operational CCS projects:
- Baseline soil gas
- Atmospheric (eddy covariance towers)
- Groundwater
- Vegetation above confining zone
- Injection zone monitoring
Class VI Primacy Solutions
Geo-Logic Associates helps states develop and implement Class VI permitting programs tailored to their regulatory, operational, and political environments. Our team supports agencies through application development, EPA review, program implementation, and long-term capacity building.
Beyond the primacy application, GLA can educate and equip agencies with the tools, knowledge, and internal capacity to effectively implement, administer, and enforce the Class VI program after primacy is granted. GLA offers technical expertise in:
- Regulatory analysis of new/existing UIC programs
- Class VI technical plan integration
- Regulatory crosswalk development
- Enforcement crosswalk analysis and development
- Drafting state specific rules (statutes and regulations)
- Draft rule documentation and stringency justification
- Advising and drafting of program description and all additional application sections
- Memorandums of agreement
- Governor’s letter
- Letters of support
- Attorney general’s statement
- Stakeholder engagement services
- Drafting of formal EPA memos, and materials for public notice, comment, and hearings
- Public process support and technical responses to comments, public inquiries, and EPA feedback during the process
- Project management and reporting
- Capacity building and knowledge transfer to state staff/program enforcement authority
- Tracking of all US primacy activity
